(R)-(-)-2-Chloro-2-propanol stands out as a chiral chemical compound, regularly encountered in both research and industrial applications. This molecule carries a chiral center, meaning it possesses a distinct handedness, and for this variant, the molecular configuration follows the (R)- or rectus- form. Its chemical structure consists of a propane backbone, where the middle carbon links to a chlorine atom and a hydroxyl group, making it a halogenated alcohol. Structural formula details show C3H7ClO as its molecular formula, with a molecular weight around 94.54 g/mol. The presence of both alcohol and chlorine functionalities leads to a management balance between reactivity and solvency, which draws the attention of those in organic and pharmaceutical synthesis.
This compound typically comes as a colorless to faintly yellow liquid under standard ambient conditions, although crystalline forms sometimes appear depending on temperature and purity. Density averages between 1.07–1.10 g/cm3, which feels more viscous than water. Its melting point falls below room temperature, often showing as liquid at 20°C. Boiling occurs at roughly 117-120°C, based on published research and chemical safety data sheets. It dissolves well in water and common solvents, reflecting its moderate polarity—a result of the hydroxyl and chlorine atoms in close proximity. Many chemists take advantage of its ability to interact through both hydrogen bonds and halogen effects, making it a valuable intermediate. In practice, folks describe it as a liquid with a sharp, biting odor, resembling other short-chain chlorinated alcohols.
The molecular structure places the chlorine and OH group on the same carbon, creating possible routes for selective reactions. HS Code generally shows as 2905.59.90, covering other halogenated acyclic alcohols. Its molar mass matches 94.54 grams per mole, calculated from its atomic composition. (R)-(-)-2-Chloro-2-propanol most often appears in liquid form for shipping, but with enough cooling, crystalline solid may be isolated—it rarely forms flakes, powder, or pearls since the low melting temperature prevents stable solid storage under normal conditions. The compound can be prepared as a stock solution in aqueous or organic media, with tight safety practices in place due to its volatility and hazardous profile.
Chemists rely on this molecule in a range of synthesis pathways, including preparation of optically active epoxides, chiral building blocks, or intermediates for pharmaceuticals. Its reactivity opens the door for substitution, elimination, and oxidation reactions—processes central to making drugs, agrochemicals, and polymers. In my own academic work, dealing with its sharp odor and reactive nature in the lab always forced me to double-check my PPE and ventilation. I came across it often as a raw material for creating enantiomerically pure products, especially where stereochemistry can mean the difference between an effective or a toxic pharmaceutical. Researchers use its chiral qualities to influence the outcome of reactions that build up complex molecules, which makes it a backbone tool, not just a side curiosity.
The chemical’s hazard profile deserves serious attention. It carries harmful properties—liquids or vapors may cause burns and strong irritation to skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Carelessness with this material led to eye-watering fume exposures in undergrad labs, and safety data sheets consistently repeat its toxic nature if swallowed or inhaled. Chronic exposure remains poorly studied; common sense and chemical hygiene—gloves, goggles, careful containment—make a world of difference. Spillage control and operable fume hoods help prevent harmful exposure, and waste demands responsible handling as a hazardous material. Its flammability stays moderate, but it reacts stubbornly with strong oxidizing agents, acids, or bases, so storage away from incompatible materials stays critical in any workplace or classroom setup.
Storing and working with (R)-(-)-2-Chloro-2-propanol means using airtight glass containers, ideally at cool room temperatures out of direct sunlight. Bulk shipments might come in sealed drums, while lab-scale amounts ship as ampoules or small bottles fitted with PTFE caps to stop evaporation. The material’s volatility and reactivity call for engineering controls in any workspace, from benchtop tinkerers to established plant operators. Personal anecdotes confirm even small spills create overwhelming odors and cleanup headaches. In my experience, labeling and keeping detailed logs on usage and disposal safeguard against both personal and environmental risk. Green chemistry trends suggest seeking less hazardous alternatives, but as long as stereochemistry in organic synthesis matters, this molecule will stick around as a valued raw material.
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