(-)-Arterenol bitartrate hydrate steps into the world of organic chemistry as a vital compound with a place in medical research and pharmaceutical production. This material emerges out of a long scientific tradition dedicated to understanding the physiological role of catecholamines. Known more informally as norepinephrine tartrate, its practical presence can be found in both laboratory stockrooms and clinical discussions focused on vascular regulation and neurotransmission. Genuine raw material like this underpins applications ranging from adrenergic agent synthesis to foundational experiments in neurotransmitter interactions.
The appearance of (-)-arterenol bitartrate hydrate tells a story about its practical handling. In the laboratory or production setting, this compound typically presents as a white to off-white crystalline powder, reflecting its purity and well-defined molecular structure. Handling the substance reveals a solid, moisture-absorbing quality due to its hydrate form, which ensures predictable handling in weighing rooms. Chemists value its reasonable stability and report that it dissolves readily in water, producing clear solutions at measured concentrations. Its density approximates 1.5 g/cm3, guiding decisions around storage and container selection. Unlike sticky resins or foul-smelling chemicals, it has a neutral profile, making it easier to incorporate into test runs or preparations.
The molecular formula for (-)-arterenol bitartrate hydrate reads as C8H11NO3·C4H6O6·H2O, a notation that reveals both its active catecholamine backbone and the stabilizing influence of tartaric acid and water. Each element plays a part in yielding a material with a precise melting range, typically spanning 160–165°C. Working with chemicals in this bracket means high-temperature processes demand attention, especially to avoid decomposition. Chemists need this sort of accuracy; even a small slip could compromise reliability in sensitive formulations. Its structure incorporates two aromatic rings joined by an amine group and a short carbon chain, a hallmark feature that recurs throughout biologically significant amines.
On the market, (-)-arterenol bitartrate hydrate takes several forms based on end-user needs. Its most common expression arrives as a crystalline powder, though some suppliers offer the material as fine flakes, small solid granules, or pressed pearls. The chosen form factors into dissolving speed, packaging convenience, and shipping safety. Dissolving ability determines concentration levels for medical uses such as injections or infusions. Some industrial processes may rely on bulk solid product, measured and added by the kilogram, while high-precision laboratories often require pre-measured vials at milligram accuracy. Unlike volatile liquids that demand heavy packaging, the solid or powder states travel well, reducing hazard potential in logistics.
Global commerce rests on clear classification. The general recognized HS Code for (-)-arterenol bitartrate hydrate aligns with 2939.40, encompassing catecholamine derivatives, which simplifies customs processes and regulatory compliance. Specifications for this compound include defined moisture content, purity often above 98%, and a consistent hydrate level, as even minor shifts in water content skew dosage calculations or research outcomes. Its origins trace back to raw material chemistry involving catechol synthesis and tartaric acid purification, reflecting the intersection of organic, inorganic, and crystallization techniques. The industrial chain supporting its manufacture draws experience from both pharmaceutical and fine chemical sectors, grounding its place among reliable raw materials for adrenergic research and production.
Anyone working with (-)-arterenol bitartrate hydrate faces the critical question of safety and stewardship. Its physiological activity calls for respect: direct exposure can provoke skin or eye irritation, especially in its raw form, and inhalation risks exist in poorly vented settings. The compound carries labeling as harmful upon ingestion and is treated as hazardous waste under most site protocols. My own experience as a chemical handler underscores the importance of gloves, goggles, and lab coats, even with solid-phase materials; occupational health depends on discipline. Chemical safety datasheets specify storage in cool, dry areas, with tight-sealed containers to limit oxidation or hydration drift. Emergency plans stress rapid rinsing for spills, with prompt medical review for accidents. Separation from incompatible substances, such as strong oxidizers, turns into an unspoken rule based on both law and practicality.
(-)-Arterenol bitartrate hydrate earns its keep as more than a name on a catalog page. In life science research, it plays a role in simulating neural signaling for drug trials or exploring vascular response mechanisms. Hospitals rely on its closely related forms in critical care units to manage acute blood pressure drops, and the raw substance supports manufacture of pure injectable solutions under careful pharmacological control. Its chemical backbone inspires new synthetic pathways for adrenergic drugs, establishing a practical link between laboratory development and real-world medicine. Scientists, technicians, and medical staff all see the benefit of high-purity, well-characterized sources; trust in consistent material supports both innovation and patient safety. Workplaces with a culture of quality assurance, rigorous inventory management, and a commitment to safe working environments help ensure each kilogram or milligram lives up to its demanding applications.
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