3-Chloro-1-propanol stands as an important chemical used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, surfactants, and plasticizers. This compound, recognized by its chemical formula C3H7ClO, holds a molecular weight of 94.54 g/mol. Its structure features a three-carbon backbone, where a chlorine atom attaches to the first carbon and a hydroxyl group to the third. This simple yet versatile molecule draws interest in research laboratories and industrial manufacturing plants because it offers both reactivity and convenience in processing. People accessing this product in a laboratory often see it as a clear to pale yellow liquid, sometimes appearing in crystalline or solid form, depending on storage temperature. Its unique blend of features means manufacturers and researchers rely on it for producing value-added products, from active pharmaceutical ingredients to specialty coatings.
Delving into its structure, 3-Chloro-1-propanol presents an arrangement where a chlorine atom and a hydroxy group anchor on opposite ends of a propane chain. Such an arrangement provides two functional groups, making the molecule suitable for a wide range of reactions. Its molecular structure influences all physical properties, from boiling point to density. With a boiling point near 156 °C (312.8 °F) and a melting point sitting around -47 °C (-52.6 °F), this substance remains a stable liquid at room temperature in most climates. The density hovers around 1.16 g/cm³, making it slightly denser than water. Solubility in water is high due to the hydroxyl group's presence, which facilitates mixing for aqueous systems and formulations. Users engaging with this material see options in different forms, such as clear liquid, fine powder, and sometimes flakes or pearls, for varied industry needs. Lower-volume packaging often comes in glass bottles, while industrial scale requirements see shipping in large drums or IBC totes.
3-Chloro-1-propanol falls under the Harmonized System (HS) Code 290539, identifying it as an organochlorine compound for customs and regulatory tracking. This code matters to buyers and importers monitoring compliance and taxation. With purity standards from 97% up to 99%, suppliers regularly offer CoAs confirming compliance. Specifications cover residue analysis, water content, and pH values, all critical when producing sensitive intermediates or active pharmaceutical ingredients. Users in synthesis work prize this material for its role as a building block in creating epichlorohydrin and a variety of fine chemicals. Flexible production volumes allow labs to run milligram-scale reactions, while larger processing plants turn out tons for downstream uses. Whether used as a raw material or intermediate, its straightforward reactivity offers a valuable asset in chemical manufacturing.
3-Chloro-1-propanol, like many organochlorine chemicals, requires respect in handling. Its classification as a hazardous chemical arises from its irritating properties. Exposure can lead to skin and eye irritation, so gloves and eye protection remain standard personal protective equipment. The compound’s volatility does not threaten explosiveness, though sufficient ventilation reduces inhalation risks. Storage in tightly sealed containers, away from heat and direct sunlight, preserves quality and security, with signage indicating hazardous material present in most industrial settings. Spill kits, eyewash stations, and safety protocols go a long way in preventing accidents. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) furnished by suppliers, regulatory agencies, and manufacturer experience all point to the same reality: chemical workers cannot take shortcuts. Long exposure can cause health issues, so rotating shifts and personal monitoring sometimes find use in larger plants. Disposal means observing local environmental protection guidelines and avoiding drains, as organochlorine residues raise water quality concerns. Responsible chemists recognize that safe practices keep people out of harm’s way and factories running smoothly, highlighting the need for ongoing education and updated safety standards.
The demand for 3-Chloro-1-propanol springs from its use as a chemical intermediate and specialty raw material. Supply chains rely on steady access to both precursor chemicals and finished product, with adjustments for purity and quality set to meet downstream customer specifications. Pressure from environmental regulations, cost controls, and logistics management determines pricing and global availability. Producers carefully monitor raw material costs—primarily propylene derivatives and chlorinating agents—while guaranteeing batch-to-batch consistency. Sustainable sourcing and green chemistry innovations continue to shape procurement decisions, impacting how raw materials move from upstream suppliers to end users. As new applications emerge, especially in eco-friendly solvents and biodegradable materials, demand often shifts. An experienced procurement manager keeps an eye on regional changes in import-export tariffs and transportation networks, balancing urgency with long-term relationship building. Globally, shifts in chemical production hubs bring risks and benefits, sometimes affecting minimum order quantities or lead times—facts that customers must continuously review to avoid costly delays.
Making good use of 3-Chloro-1-propanol means understanding its chemical nature, physical behavior, and impact on both people and environments. Companies looking to integrate this chemical into a product line or manufacturing process invest in supplier vetting, safety infrastructure, and worker training. Each shipment comes with regulatory paperwork, certificates, and often a dialogue between customer and producer about best practices. End users in pharmaceuticals, coatings, and specialty chemicals benefit from this careful stewardship, since consistently high-quality inputs translate into less waste and safer end products. Transitioning toward more sustainable handling practices, improving worker knowledge, and pushing for cleaner production lines remain pressing goals. Regulatory frameworks continue to tighten, especially across regions with strict environmental or occupational health standards. A company staying ahead in the game treats these as opportunities—investing in research, adjusting handling techniques, and seeking innovation in both raw material sourcing and finished product design.
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