Chemists have always chased after molecules that can change lives, and (R)-(+)-3-Chloro-1-phenylpropanol stands as part of that hunt. Tracing its beginnings back to early chiral chemistry studies, the substance moved from a small curiosity in research labs—where scientists spent long hours separating enantiomers—to gaining attention for its role as a chiral building block. Over decades, improvements in synthetic resolution methods, including asymmetric synthesis and catalysis, have shaped reliable ways to isolate each enantiomer. As the pharmaceutical industry boomed in the late 20th century, so did the interest in stereochemistry, and chemicals like this one turned into prized assets for creating cleaner, safer drug intermediates. Researchers invested years at the bench, stumbling through failed resolutions and inefficient syntheses before nailing down rot and yield. The journey has been messy, but this kind of progress nudged countless specialties forward, from medicinal chemistry to applied industrial synthesis.
(R)-(+)-3-Chloro-1-phenylpropanol has made its name as a chiral intermediate. Those who work in pharma and fine chemicals regularly reach for it when constructing molecules with biological activity. The (R)-enantiomer shows up in laboratories focusing on drug development, agrochemical creation, and fragrance design. Choices about using this compound aren’t random; they come from repeated demonstrations of effectiveness for introducing a chiral center adjacent to aromatic and halide groups. Its narrow niche doesn’t shrink demand—it elevates its value for process chemists hunting for reliable chirality. In day-to-day use, nobody takes this compound lightly; the batch quality has to be as high as possible, and labs monitor purity like hawks. Even a slip in optical rotation or a trace impurity can kill an entire experiment or invalidate weeks of work.
The highly specific makeup of (R)-(+)-3-Chloro-1-phenylpropanol gives it distinctive traits. In pure form, it usually appears as a colorless to pale yellow crystal or oil, sometimes clinging to glassware in humid labs. The molecular formula comes out to C9H11ClO, and it brings a molecular weight of 170.64 g/mol. Its optical rotation—critical for confirming enantiomeric purity—typically lands at good positive values, and minor shifts in rotation numbers let careful scientists detect contamination or sequence error. Solubility steers how and where this molecule can be introduced; people report it dissolves well in common organics like ethanol, ether, and slightly in water. Reactivity centers on the hydroxyl and chloro sites; each functional group opens its own door for further chemical work.
Precision matters when handling (R)-(+)-3-Chloro-1-phenylpropanol. Product sheets from reputable suppliers clearly state chiral purity, typically above 98% enantiomeric excess. Common specs include GC/HPLC trace certification, residual solvent thresholds, and limits on heavy metals or unknown impurities. Certain pharma-grade batches require custom certificates and strict documentation for traceability, which auditors track closely during inspections. Proper labeling signals optical rotation, lot numbers for recall purposes, hazard warnings, and regulatory compatibility. Avoiding accidental mix-ups means everyone in the chain—from shipping crew to benchtop users—relies on clear, tamper-proof labeling, particularly for substances subject to rigorous international controls.
Preparing (R)-(+)-3-Chloro-1-phenylpropanol demands solid synthetic know-how. Most labs use one of two methods: chiral resolution from racemic mixtures or asymmetric synthesis leveraging chiral catalysts. Early work often used natural chiral acids for derivatization, followed by painstaking separation—work that kept grad students busy for months. More modern techniques employ transition metal catalysts or enzyme-mediated transformations, which favor the (R)-enantiomer from the start. Each route has trade-offs in yield, by-products, ease of purification, and cost of chiral starting materials. My own time working with resolution columns left me respecting the patience required, especially when a single tweak in pH or solvent could erase hours of effort. Scale-up brings another dimension of difficulty—what runs great at milligram scale almost always hits speed bumps in reactors of several liters or more.
The versatility of (R)-(+)-3-Chloro-1-phenylpropanol pops out once you put it through further transformations. The hydroxyl group allows for classic reactions: esterification, etherification, oxidation, and even protection if multiple steps loom ahead. The chloro group brings nucleophilic substitution into play, enabling extensions into more complex structures, like epoxides, or for adding new side chains via coupling reactions. In pharmaceutical research, such modifications open doors to candidate molecules with altered potency or selectivity. Tiny changes at these sites can mark the difference between an effective drug and one with no action, a fact that shapes every synthesis route in both industry and academia. What’s clear from synthetic routes in published literature is that each functional group gets used, rarely wasted, speaking to the molecule’s built-in utility for chemical innovation.
Those buying or researching (R)-(+)-3-Chloro-1-phenylpropanol see a swirl of alternate designations in catalogues and papers: (R)-1-Phenyl-3-chloro-1-propanol, (R)-3-Chloro-1-phenylpropanol, and even obscure registry numbers from chemical suppliers. Researchers know these names matter—mislabeling can create confusion or worse, send an entire synthesis off course. It’s not unusual for labs to keep cross-referenced lists to avoid mix-ups with enantiomers or related compounds, as chiral integrity drives both experimental reliability and regulatory acceptance.
Handling (R)-(+)-3-Chloro-1-phenylpropanol calls for tight safety protocols, stressing hygiene and control in every phase. Chemists suit up with gloves, goggles, and sometimes specialized fume hoods due to the hazard posed by its chlorinated group—chemical burns and inhalation risks top the chart of concerns. Emergency shower-readiness doesn’t remain optional in synthesis labs, especially after splash accidents. Storage under inert gas and tight containment against moisture prevent degradation. Stringent adherence to Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) keeps incidents rare. Disposal routes follow local hazardous waste regulations, and standard operational procedures include documentation, batch logs, and chain-of-custody forms to satisfy both internal audits and external regulators. During my lab time, everyone respected the cardinal rule: cleanup only finishes after thorough decontamination.
Applications for (R)-(+)-3-Chloro-1-phenylpropanol cut across sectors, with the pharmaceutical industry leading demand. It often acts as a launchpad for specialty drug candidates, especially compounds requiring chiral precision. Beyond pharma, agrochemicals use it in the quest for safer, more targeted pesticides. Fragrance chemistry also taps into its chiral structure for novel aroma molecules, giving products a signature note. Bulk chemical producers and academic researchers both tap its unique layout for exploring new reaction pathways. Its value comes from highly predictable chemistry—every time I’ve worked with it, reaction outcomes line up with known literature, providing a measure of confidence that speeds up project timelines.
Researchers continue working to optimize syntheses for (R)-(+)-3-Chloro-1-phenylpropanol, aiming to cut costs, raise yields, and minimize waste. Academic partnerships with industry groups spark fresh approaches to chiral induction and catalyst recycling. Newer studies delve into biocatalysis and the use of engineered microbes—one promising area involves genetically modified enzymes that promise greener, scalable conversions. Published research cycles through alternate protecting groups, novel ligands, and more robust reactor designs. This compound often pops up in conferences as a case study for chiral resolution dilemmas and as a benchmark in testing asymmetric catalysis. Continuous improvement in methodology keeps the compound relevant as industries tighten both environmental regulations and demands for product consistency.
Toxicity research for (R)-(+)-3-Chloro-1-phenylpropanol builds off both empirical lab work and computational modeling. Acute toxicity varies by exposure route, and animal studies typically check for skin and mucous membrane irritation, systemic effects, and potential organ toxicity. Published work highlights that while moderate exposure rarely triggers life-threatening events, chronic contact or ingestion can push systems too far—chlorinated compounds often hold hidden dangers that escape simple hazard warnings. Proper training and timely reporting of mishaps in the lab cut down on risk. Monitoring work environments, combined with smart engineering controls, lowers the odds of silent, cumulative exposure—a lesson drilled in during safety briefings at the start of every research project. Modern research keeps pace with regulations, publishing new data on metabolic fate and breakdown products, feeding into ongoing risk assessment updates.
The story for (R)-(+)-3-Chloro-1-phenylpropanol looks far from finished. Work continues to streamline asymmetric synthesis and make processes greener, shrinking the carbon footprint. New fields—like personalized medicine and precision agriculture—seek out chiral building blocks for their growing libraries of custom molecules. Regulatory tightening on enantiomeric purity almost guarantees continued use, pushing both suppliers and end-users to raise standards. As chemists unlock more about structure-activity relationships, they turn to compounds like this as reliable testbeds for modeling drug-receptor interactions. Experience in chemical R&D speaks for itself—each innovation pushes boundaries, but it also circles back to molecules with proven versatility and staying power. With global demand for tailored molecules only rising, (R)-(+)-3-Chloro-1-phenylpropanol isn’t fading from relevance anytime soon.
I remember the frustration in my university days, sitting at the bench and looking at a newly arrived bottle of chiral alcohol. The label promised “>99% ee”—words that sounded like a guarantee. But experience has shown me those numbers only matter when the supplier’s methods and real-world lab verification align. For (R)-(+)-3-Chloro-1-phenylpropanol, nothing replaces opening a fresh vial and double-checking its chemical purity before staking a project’s success on it.
Companies that manufacture chiral chemicals love to sell “high purity” as a badge of honor. This specific alcohol—important as a building block for complex molecules and drugs—often comes with advertised purity above 98%, frequently hitting the 99% mark. Chemists look not just at total purity but also chiral purity (enantiomeric excess). Even a tiny percentage of the wrong enantiomer can derail synthesizing an intended pharmaceutical.
Manufacturers rely on HPLC, NMR, and sometimes chiral GC to reach these numbers. My own experience finds those certificates of analysis useful but never infallible. During a scale-up in a contract lab, we found trace halogenated byproducts undetected by the original supplier’s tests, despite their claim of “high purity.” So, a bold number on a data sheet means little without repeatable lab proof.
Suppose this chiral alcohol slips through quality control with even 1% unknowns. Think about a drug manufacturing run that scales to kilograms—one percent impurity becomes grams of unidentified material. In consumer medicines, impurities have spelled disaster, sometimes causing product recalls, health scares, and regulatory trouble. The infamous valsartan impurity incident taught everyone to take nothing for granted.
Academic labs also run into headaches. I remember a grad student whose thesis project ground to a halt when a “pure” batch turned out tainted. Months of experiments, gone. There’s no shortcut. Rigorous in-house testing—running reference standards against your own chromatography—remains the only way to be certain.
Purity doesn’t just mean high numbers. The scientific world relies on trust, and trust relies on open data. Suppliers making (R)-(+)-3-Chloro-1-phenylpropanol should share detailed impurity profiles, chromatograms, and sample NMRs, not just summary values. The best suppliers back up claims with repeat batch-to-batch consistency. Buyers often contact technical support to ask for exact method details or run their own confirmatory tests.
Addressing purity issues starts in the lab, upstream, during synthesis and purification. Experienced chemists optimize reaction conditions to minimize side products. Modern chromatographic techniques—prep-HPLC, crystallization, and solid phase extraction—remove carry-over contaminants. Quality control teams should run multiple orthogonal purity tests (NMR, HPLC, GC-MS) and make raw data available to customers.
Regulators encourage transparency through stricter documentation and batch traceability. Labs can protect themselves by always confirming incoming material with at least a couple independent tests. It helps keep both science and business honest.
In daily practice, scientists treat “purity” as an ongoing process, not just a number. Real trust grows through vigilance and open data, not glossy catalog promises.
Years of reading research papers and talking to chemists in the field painted a clear picture—(R)-(+)-3-Chloro-1-phenylpropanol plays a central part in synthesizing chiral drugs. Big pharma companies count on molecules like this because the chirality of a chemical changes its biological effect. Take the antihypertensive or antidepressant classes: getting the right handedness in a molecule can mean the difference between a life-saving medicine and something that doesn’t work, or worse, causes harm. Chemists often use (R)-(+)-3-Chloro-1-phenylpropanol as a key intermediate on their way to blockbusters like antidepressants and antipsychotics.
Regulations worldwide ask for rigorous proof that active pharmaceutical ingredients go through high-purity steps. This single building block helps optimize yield and selectivity, letting drug makers hit the level of consistency and safety that regulatory agencies demand.
I’ve watched students in advanced organic chemistry classes light up as they unravel syntheses that call upon (R)-(+)-3-Chloro-1-phenylpropanol. It’s not just a tool for drug companies. In university labs, this compound lets researchers build small molecules whose structures mimic biological systems. This hands-on learning gives future scientists the skills drug developers desperately need.
Beyond the classroom, research teams in both the public and private sectors use this compound to drive forward new approaches in catalysis and asymmetric transformations. These techniques let chemists create complex molecules with high specificity. As research pushes deeper into new chemical space, building blocks like this accelerate everything from new medicine discovery to green chemistry solutions.
Even outside human health, (R)-(+)-3-Chloro-1-phenylpropanol shows up in a big way. Agrochemical companies rely on selective synthesis to produce effective pesticides that cut environmental impact. The right precursor makes the downstream process cleaner and less wasteful. This means fewer byproducts, less energy use, and fewer headaches for those of us concerned with pollution.
In the fragrance sector, creative chemists want compounds that build up specific aroma notes with consistency. With tools like (R)-(+)-3-Chloro-1-phenylpropanol, fragrance companies create signature scents reliably. Each batch needs to match perfectly, so this intermediate matters for both art and science.
As demand rises, safe production and efficient synthesis stand out as the big challenges. My conversations with chemical manufacturers point to the pressure: everyone wants enantiopure material, nobody wants impurities, and people increasingly push suppliers for green, earth-friendly methods. Stronger regulations mean every chemical’s traceability is under a microscope. Adopting continuous flow chemistry, better recycling of reagents, and transparent supply chains can help address these concerns.
In the end, getting (R)-(+)-3-Chloro-1-phenylpropanol right makes life better for patients, consumers, farmers, and the environment. Every improvement in making and using this compound brings us closer to safer, more sustainable science.
Spending time in both research and teaching labs, I learned the hard way: storing chemicals with care never counts as wasted effort. (R)-(+)-3-Chloro-1-phenylpropanol might not explode at room temperature, but taking shortcuts invites risk. Reports of minor fires and ruined experiments usually start with a bottle left on the wrong shelf. With this compound—part halide, part alcohol—the smallest mistake could bring headaches, failed syntheses, or at worst, injuries.
This molecule blends a chloro group and a primary alcohol. The chloro piece brings potential for slow hydrolysis—over time, exposure to humidity might break down the compound and release hydrochloric acid. Even if the shelf label lists a two-year shelf life, letting a bottle breathe in moist air cuts that short fast.
Drawing on what I've seen from trusted MSDS sheets and hands-on experience, most folks suggest an airtight glass bottle with a tight cap. Polypropylene containers sometimes react with certain chemicals, so glass wins out for long-term storage. Never keep it near acids, bases, or oxidizers. Everyday accidents—like a broken bottle in a crowded cabinet—create chemical reactions you don’t want to clean up.
Leaving (R)-(+)-3-Chloro-1-phenylpropanol on a warm bench speeds up both evaporation and decomposition. Sugars get gooey and drugs degrade under heat—this compound won’t admit it, but it follows the same rule. A cool, dark chemical fridge keeps it stable. I keep mine between 2 and 8°C, away from lunchboxes and water bottles.
Light doesn’t just fade labels—it triggers chemical change. Transparency helps spot a spill, but shielded glass (like amber bottles) blocks out those rays. If sunlight’s hitting your storage shelf, either the lab’s too airy or your chemicals need moving.
Open bottles and chemical dust drift onto hands and coats. Whenever I reach for something reactive, I check it’s inside a secondary container or a spill tray. This habit has saved me more than once. If the bottle leaks, a simple tray keeps damage from spreading. Lining the shelf with absorbent pads or paper cuts down on sticky messes and cleanup time.
Don’t stick reactive organics beside odorous amines or acids. Each time someone mixed incompatible bottles, either stink or danger ran high. Proper labeling cuts confusion: hazard stickers, purchase dates, and legible names save time and keep the work safe.
Colleagues without chemical training shouldn’t handle specialty reagents. Even a nearly harmless liquid like this brings risk in the wrong hands. Labs need a clear inventory and logbook. I’ve seen theft, mistaken disposal, and triple orders—none solved by more emails. Regular stock checks, some staff training, and a tough storage policy keep mistakes and waste low.
People doing research or production runs work better with dated, inspected bottles. If the cap feels loose or the contents look off, don’t use it. Small changes—adding desiccant packets or tighter seals—cut down on waste and keep the science on track.
Putting (R)-(+)-3-Chloro-1-phenylpropanol away safely cuts costs, keeps staff healthy, and shows respect for the work. Many hazards in the lab come from ignoring simple storage rules. Investing a bit of care up front means fewer ruined samples, less cleanup, and smoother chemistry all around.
The chemical world runs on precision. Laboratories, industries, and researchers talk in strict chemical language—one misplaced digit or dash and you risk ordering a completely different compound. The Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) number acts as the most cut-and-dried way to sort this out. Every unique molecule earns a code, helping scientists avoid costly mix-ups. (R)-(+)-3-Chloro-1-phenylpropanol isn't just a mouthful of a name; its CAS number, 142285-44-3, makes all the difference when you're ordering or checking inventory for a pharmaceutical or a fine chemical synthesis.
Getting the exact compound isn't as easy as picking any old chloro-phenylpropanol off a shelf. Stereochemistry—those little (R) and (S) prefixes—changes how a molecule behaves in your reaction flask and, more importantly, in the body. With medicine or research, the wrong isomer could do absolutely nothing, or worse, it could trigger all the wrong effects. I remember sitting with a stack of catalogues, comparing columns of almost identical names, sweating over tiny differences like “(R)-(+),” knowing a slip could derail weeks of planning. The CAS number kept the confusion at bay. Typing in 142285-44-3 on a supplier’s site always led me straight to the right bottle, no translation needed.
Safety officers and procurement managers live by the CAS number. Imagine a spill in the lab. Emergency responders ask for a CAS number, not a tricky IUPAC or common name. A quick number check reveals everything: toxicity data, proper neutralization methods, and safe storage rules. For (R)-(+)-3-Chloro-1-phenylpropanol, it's no different. It’s always easier to pull up the hazard sheets for 142285-44-3 than wasting time bouncing between similar names that could mean totally different structural formulas and risks.
In chemical supply chains, nothing beats the directness of a CAS number. I’ve dealt with several suppliers who sometimes jazz up their product listings, aiming to stand out. Fancy graphics don’t help when you need to check regulatory filings or get price quotes in a hurry. You drop the CAS number on the table, and everyone speaks the same language. This transparent naming system helps prevent fraud, reduces shipping mistakes, and protects buyers from costly substitutions—industry facts backed by decades of chemical trade experience.
It seems simple: one compound, one unique code, but that number often stands between chaos and clean science. Finding the CAS number for (R)-(+)-3-Chloro-1-phenylpropanol—142285-44-3—lets you keep experiments precise and keeps your team safe. It anchors regulatory filings, supplier records, and even journal citations. That concrete point of reference lets researchers, buyers, and regulators trust what ends up in each bottle, box, or beaker. When detail counts, the right number almost always saves the day.
Some chemicals pop up in nearly every research catalog. (R)-(+)-3-Chloro-1-phenylpropanol is one of those. Folks working in organic synthesis or pharmaceutical labs cross paths with it more often than they'd guess back in grad school. The product usually arrives packed in glass bottles, most frequently in sizes of 1 gram, 5 grams, and 25 grams. These quantities support both small research runs and slightly larger scale-ups. I've seen Sigma-Aldrich, TCI, and Alfa Aesar list these pack sizes almost religiously, likely because users rarely need industrial levels of this compound. Bulk requests can happen, but they end up being handled case by case, usually with custom lead times and quotes.
The packaging size does more than fill a shelf in a storeroom. In a typical university or pharma lab, budgets stretch thin, and nobody wants to buy more reagent than necessary, especially something with chiral purity attached to a sizable price tag. A 1-gram bottle suits reaction optimizations, where every milligram is accounted for and waste is kept low. The standardization of 5-gram and 25-gram bottles follows workflow realities from decades of trial and error in the lab. Buy too little, and projects stall. Buy too much, and that bottle might expire before it’s used.
Smaller sizes also cut down exposure to hazardous materials and lower the risk of spills. Anyone who’s spent time in an academic lab knows that big bottles tempt people to skip safety steps. Nobody wants to scoop out chemicals from a 500-gram jug with a spatula repeatedly. Safety rules feel less like red tape and more like common sense when the right size sits within easy reach.
People expect more than a simple list of sizes. Reliable suppliers back up their products with clear documentation, batch numbers, and purity levels. Labs stake their reputation on reproducibility—so quality control gets top billing. Certificates of analysis and chromatograms, even for a modest 1-gram bottle, matter on publication day. I’ve had students call me late at night, worried after opening a reagent bottle and eyeing off-color crystals. Consistent packaging, complete with moisture-resistant seals and robust glass, gives some relief—but the lot info printed on the side matters most for peace of mind.
Many suppliers publish full technical details for each pack size online, including recommended storage instructions. These data tie directly into the question of packaging because certain compounds degrade fast if housed in flimsy containers. (R)-(+)-3-Chloro-1-phenylpropanol ships almost always in amber glass to limit light exposure, minimizing breakdown and ensuring shelf life.
The story doesn't end with the sizes. Disposal remains a sticking point for anyone working with halogenated chemicals. Smaller bottles help cut down leftover waste, which goes a long way for sustainable practices. Green chemistry programs push for smaller orders and more targeted use, making these size options a smart default. Suppliers, too, have a hand in reducing waste by offering recyclable packaging and clear returns on expired goods. I've had success working with vendors who accept returns, sparing our lab from filling up chemical waste drums beyond reason.
Choosing the right size for (R)-(+)-3-Chloro-1-phenylpropanol isn't just about price per gram. It's about research flexibility, safety, data integrity, and environmental stewardship. Getting the basics right at this level lets scientists focus on solving bigger problems instead of fussing over leftovers.
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