Product Name: Chlorhexidine Gluconate Solution EP
Chemical Name: 1,1'-Hexamethylenebis[5-(p-chlorophenyl)biguanide] digluconate
Synonyms: Chlorhexidine Digluconate Solution, 20% w/v Aqueous Solution
CAS Number: 18472-51-0
Recommended Use: Antiseptic, Disinfectant in healthcare and pharmaceutical applications
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Hazard Classification: Skin Corrosion/Irritation Category 2; Eye Damage/Irritation Category 1
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Causes serious eye damage; may cause mild skin irritation; may cause respiratory irritation if inhaled in mist form
Pictograms: Corrosive, Exclamation Mark
Precautionary Statements: Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Wear protective gear. Do not breathe mist or spray. Wash exposed skin thoroughly after handling. If swallowed, seek medical attention promptly.
Main Ingredient: Chlorhexidine Gluconate
Concentration: Typically 20% (w/v)
Other Ingredients: Water (purified), possible solubilizers or stabilizers (e.g., PEG, propylene glycol) depending on manufacturer
Impurities & Stabilizers: None expected at significant levels due to pharmaceutical grade controls
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do. Seek immediate medical attention.
Skin Contact: Wash exposed area thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms develop or persist, consult a physician.
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air. Keep at rest and comfortable for breathing. Seek medical advice if symptoms like coughing or breathing difficulty occur.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth thoroughly with water. Do not induce vomiting. Give water to dilute if victim is conscious and alert. Get medical help immediately.
Acute Symptoms: Eye pain, skin redness, throat irritation, coughing, stomach discomfort if swallowed
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide (CO2)
Special Hazards: Toxic and irritating vapors may be produced in a fire; decomposes releasing hydrogen chloride, carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides
Protective Equipment: Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus and fully protective gear
Advice for Firefighters: Evacuate area; contain run-off to prevent environmental contamination; cool containers exposed to flames with water spray
Personal Precautions: Avoid contact with skin or eyes. Use appropriate personal protective equipment.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent large spills from entering drains, surface water, or soil.
Containment Methods: Stop leak if safe. Absorb with inert material such as sand or vermiculite.
Cleanup Procedures: Collect spilled material in a suitable container for disposal. Clean contaminated surfaces with water and detergent.
Precautions for Safe Handling: Use with adequate ventilation. Avoid formation of mist/spray. Do not eat, drink, or smoke during use. Wash hands after handling.
Storage Requirements: Store in tightly closed original container in a cool, dry place. Protect from heat, freezing, and direct sunlight.
Incompatible Materials: Do not store near oxidizing agents, strong acids or anionic compounds (may cause precipitation and inactivation).
Exposure Limits: No established occupational exposure limits for chlorhexidine gluconate
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust ventilation in areas with risk of aerosol generation
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, protective clothing
Respiratory Protection: Not normally required, but use NIOSH approved respirator for large spills or insufficient ventilation
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands before eating, drinking, or smoking, and at end of shift
Appearance: Clear to slightly yellowish liquid
Odor: Mild, characteristic
pH: 5.0–8.0 (at 20°C)
Boiling Point/Range: ~100°C (aqueous solution)
Melting Point/Freezing Point: Not applicable
Vapor Pressure: Not significant at room temperature
Solubility: Miscible with water
Density: Approximately 1.06–1.08 g/cm³
Viscosity: Similar to water
Flash Point: Not flammable
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions
Conditions to Avoid: Excessive heat, freezing, extreme pH, prolonged light exposure
Incompatible Substances: Strong oxidizers, strong acids, anionic chemicals (soaps, detergents)
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Hydrogen chloride, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides
Reactivity: Can be deactivated by anionic surfactants; no dangerous reactivity under normal use
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat): ~2000 mg/kg (chlorhexidine base)
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: May cause mild irritation with prolonged or repeated contact
Serious Eye Damage/Irritation: Can cause serious or permanent eye injury
Respiratory Sensitization: May cause coughing or irritation in aerosolized form
Chronic Effects: No evidence for carcinogenicity or mutagenicity in humans; high-dose ingestion may cause central nervous system effects
Target Organs: May irritate eyes, skin, and upper respiratory tract
Ecotoxicity: Highly toxic to aquatic organisms (fish, daphnia, algae)
Persistence and Degradability: Not readily biodegradable
Bioaccumulative Potential: Low to moderate, depending on environmental conditions
Mobility in Soil: Binds to organic matter and sediments; may persist in water and soil
Other Adverse Effects: Discharges into the environment must be avoided; contamination affects aquatic biodiversity
Waste Treatment Methods: Dispose as hazardous chemical waste following local, regional, or national laws
Contaminated Packaging: Dispose of containers as hazardous waste
Recommended Disposal: Incineration or secure landfill; do not discharge to surface water or sewage systems
Precautions: Wear appropriate protective equipment during disposal; consult official waste authorities for appropriate handling
UN Number: Not regulated by most international transport standards
Proper Shipping Name: Not classified as dangerous for transport
Transport Hazard Class: Not applicable
Packing Group: Not applicable
Environmental Hazards: Avoid discharge into environment during transportation
Special Precautions: Keep container tightly sealed and upright during transit; protect from impacts, leakage, and spillage
National Inventories: Listed in relevant chemical inventories (e.g., TSCA, EINECS, REACH)
OSHA: Not classified as hazardous under US OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200) in typical concentrations
EU Regulations: Classified as eye damaging and aquatic toxicant under CLP Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008
WHMIS (Canada): Classified as D2B (toxic material causing other effects), E (corrosive material)
Other Information: Always review local regulations for workplace and environmental requirements before use or disposal
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