Product Name: Brimonidine Tartrate
Synonyms: Brimonidine Hydrogen Tartrate, Alphagan
CAS Number: 70359-46-5
Recommended Use: Ophthalmic solution for reducing intraocular pressure
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GHS Classification: Acute toxicity (Oral) Category 4, Eye irritation Category 2A
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Statements: Harmful if swallowed. Causes serious eye irritation. May cause skin irritation.
Pictograms: Exclamation mark
Precautionary Statements: Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Do not breathe dust or spray. Wash thoroughly after handling. Use personal protective equipment as required.
Chemical Name: Brimonidine Tartrate
CAS Number: 70359-46-5
Percent (wt/wt): >98% (Active ingredient)
Other components: Minor impurities and residual solvents below 1%
Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical advice if irritation persists.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing. Wash area with soap and water. Seek medical attention if symptoms occur.
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air. If breathing becomes difficult, get medical attention.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth. Do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel. Call a poison control center or doctor for guidance.
Special Notes for Physician: Treat symptomatically and provide supportive care as needed.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, dry chemical, foam, carbon dioxide
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: Strong water jets
Specific Hazards: Decomposition may release toxic fumes including nitrogen oxides and carbon oxides.
Special Protective Equipment: Firefighters should wear full protective clothing and a self-contained breathing apparatus.
Firefighting Instructions: Prevent runoff from entering drains or waterways. Use water spray to cool fire-exposed containers.
Personal Precautions: Evacuate area if dust levels are high. Wear protective equipment. Avoid inhalation and contact with skin and eyes.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent material from reaching drains, sewers, or waterways. Contain spill with inert material.
Cleanup Methods: Use a HEPA-filter vacuum or damp sweeping to minimize dust. Place material in sealed containers. Label containers for disposal.
Decontamination: Wash area with water and detergent after cleanup.
Handling: Handle powder in a well-ventilated area with local exhaust. Avoid generating dust. Do not eat, drink, or smoke during use. Wear recommended protective equipment.
Storage: Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Protect from light and moisture. Keep away from incompatible substances such as strong oxidizing agents.
Other Precautions: Keep out of reach of children. Store away from food and beverages.
Occupational Exposure Limits: No established limits for Brimonidine Tartrate. General pharmaceutical industry guidance applies.
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust or process enclosure to control dust exposure.
Personal Protective Equipment: Eye protection (chemical safety goggles), gloves (nitrile or other chemical-resistant), protective clothing, and an approved respirator when airborne concentrations may be significant.
Hygiene Measures: Remove contaminated clothing immediately. Wash hands and face before breaks and after handling.
Appearance: White to off-white powder
Odor: Odorless
Odor Threshold: Not determined
pH: 5.5–6.5 (1% solution in water)
Melting Point: 212–215°C
Boiling Point: Not available (decomposes)
Flash Point: Not applicable
Evaporation Rate: Not available
Flammability: Non-flammable solid
Solubility: Freely soluble in water, soluble in methanol
Partition Coefficient: LogP 0.6 (calculated)
Vapor Pressure: Not applicable
Vapor Density: Not applicable
Relative Density: Not determined
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal temperatures and conditions.
Reactivity: No dangerous reactions known under normal use.
Hazardous Reactions: May react with strong oxidizing agents.
Conditions to Avoid: Excessive heat, moisture, sources of ignition, direct sunlight.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides, other toxic fumes upon combustion.
Acute Toxicity (Oral): LD50 (rat): ~50 mg/kg (published data)
Routes of Exposure: Eye, skin, inhalation, ingestion
Symptoms: May cause drowsiness, reduced blood pressure, bradycardia, dry mouth, fatigue, and allergic reactions.
Irritation: Eye and skin irritant
Sensitization: Potential for skin sensitization on repeated exposure
Long-term Effects: Long-term exposure not fully studied. Prolonged or repeated contact may aggravate pre-existing medical conditions.
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as a human carcinogen according to IARC, NTP, or OSHA.
Mutagenicity / Reproductive Toxicity: No data indicating mutagenic or reproductive hazards.
Environmental Hazards: Toxic to aquatic organisms. May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
Persistence and Degradability: Not readily biodegradable. Remains in the environment under certain conditions.
Bioaccumulation Potential: Low potential for bioaccumulation.
Mobility in Soil: Moderate mobility in soil.
Other Adverse Effects: Avoid release to the environment. Proper containment can limit impact on groundwater and surface water.
Disposal Methods: Dispose of as hazardous pharmaceutical waste in accordance with local, regional, and national regulations.
Packaging Disposal: Triple-rinse containers before disposal. Puncture and landfill only if permitted by authorities.
Precautions: Do not allow product or contaminated material to enter drains, sewers, or watercourses. Consult a licensed waste disposal contractor for proper management.
UN Number: Not classified as hazardous for transport under ADR/RID/IMDG/IATA.
UN Proper Shipping Name: Not regulated as dangerous goods.
Transport Hazard Class: Not applicable
Packing Group: Not applicable
Special Precautions: Protect containers from physical damage. Ship in accordance with pharmaceutical industry protocols.
TSCA: Not listed on TSCA inventory (pharmaceutical use only)
REACH Status: Exempt as a medicinal product
SARA Title III: Not subject to reporting requirements
OSHA Hazard Communication: This product meets the definition of hazardous chemical.
WHMIS Classification: D2B (Toxic material causing other toxic effects)
Other Regulatory Listings: Check local, national, and regional regulations for specific restrictions or reporting requirements.
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