Product Name: 2-Bromo-1-nitro-1,3-propanediol
Synonyms: Bronopol, 2-Bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol
Chemical Formula: C3H6BrNO4
CAS Number: 52-51-7
Recommended Use: Biocide, antimicrobial agent in cosmetics, industrial water systems, and personal care products
Manufacturer Details: Chemical manufacturer and distributor information, contact details, and emergency telephone numbers provided on commercial packages
Emergency Contact: Refer to manufacturer or national poisons center for 24-hour assistance
UN Number: UN 3241
Classification: Acute toxicity (oral, dermal), skin irritation, serious eye damage, respiratory irritation
GHS Label Elements: Danger; skull and crossbones symbol; exclamation mark
Hazard Statements: Toxic if swallowed or in contact with skin; causes serious eye damage; causes skin irritation; may cause respiratory irritation
Routes of Exposure: Skin, eyes, inhalation, ingestion
Symptoms: Burning, redness, tearing, cough, breathing difficulties, stomach pain, nausea, headache, dizziness
Target Organs: Skin, eyes, respiratory tract, central nervous system
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing dust or fumes; wear protective gear; wash hands thoroughly after handling; do not eat, drink, or smoke when using this product
Chemical Name: 2-Bromo-1-nitro-1,3-propanediol (Bronopol)
Concentration: ≥99% (technical grade, may vary by supplier)
Impurities: Potential traces of related bromonitro compounds and manufacturing by-products
Hazardous Components: Main ingredient is hazardous as listed; impurities may add additional risk depending on manufacturing process
Other Ingredients: Not intentionally present but can include stabilizers or residual solvents from production
Inhalation: Remove person to fresh air; provide artificial respiration if breathing stops; keep airway clear and provide oxygen if available; seek medical attention
Skin Contact: Immediately take off contaminated clothing; rinse affected skin with running water for at least 15 minutes; use soap if available; get medical evaluation
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes under gentle running water for at least 15 minutes lifting upper and lower lids; remove contact lenses if present and safe; seek immediate medical help
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; rinse mouth thoroughly; give water if victim is conscious; monitor for symptoms; seek immediate emergency care
Most Important Symptoms: Irritation, pain, blistering, burning sensation, difficulty breathing, eye damage
Special Notes for Physician: Symptomatic and supportive care; monitor for respiratory distress and systemic toxicity
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: Direct water jet may spread chemical
Specific Hazards: Substance can release bromide vapors, nitrous oxides, and toxic gases under fire; powdered product may form combustible dust in air
Protective Equipment: Firefighters use full protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus
Special Instructions: Move containers from fire area if safe; water spray can cool surfaces; avoid runoff into drains and waterways
Combustion Products: Hydrogen bromide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and corrosive fumes
Personal Precautions: Wear gloves, chemical goggles, protective clothing, and use respiratory protection as recommended; avoid direct contact and inhalation of dust or vapor
Environmental Precautions: Prevent product from entering water systems, soil, or sewers; notify appropriate authorities for large releases
Cleanup Methods: Ventilate area; collect with inert, non-combustible absorbent (sand, earth, vermiculite); shovel into leak-proof containers; label and seal for disposal; wash contaminated surface with water and detergent
Decontamination: Rinse area with excess water and allow it to drain to an authorized effluent system
Handling Precautions: Use only with adequate ventilation; avoid dust formation; wear recommended protective gear; never eat, drink, or smoke in handling area
Equipment Requirements: Use chemical-resistant gloves and splash goggles; use local exhaust for dust control and capture
Storage Conditions: Store tightly sealed and upright in cool, dry, well-ventilated space away from oxidizers, acids, and strong bases
Container Materials: Use original, corrosion-resistant containers; keep containers tightly closed; mark hazardous contents
Incompatibilities: Strong reducing agents, strong bases, acids, ammonia compounds
Storage Life: Avoid exposure to direct sunlight and moisture to prevent breakdown and loss of efficacy
Occupational Exposure Limits: No nationally established limits in many regions, but handle as hazardous and minimize airborne dust or vapor
Engineering Controls: Provide local exhaust ventilation and eyewash stations; implement enclosed handling systems in industrial settings
Personal Protective Equipment: Safety goggles (chemical splash); nitrile or neoprene gloves; impermeable coverall or lab coat; properly fitted half-face respirator for airborne dust
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands, arms, and face before eating, drinking, or smoking; immediately remove contaminated clothing and launder before reuse
Monitoring Procedures: Regular air monitoring for dust and vapor; visual checks for spills and residue
Appearance: White to pale yellow crystalline powder
Odor: Faint medicinal, slightly bitter
pH: 5.0–7.0 (1% aqueous solution)
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling at elevated temperature
Melting Point: 123–130°C
Solubility: 25 g/100 mL water at 25°C; soluble in ethanol and propylene glycol; slightly soluble in chloroform
Vapor Pressure: Negligible at room temperature
Relative Density: 1.9 g/cm³
Partition Coefficient (Log Pow): -0.64
Viscosity: Not applicable (solid at ambient conditions)
Flammability: Not classified as flammable, but forms combustible dust
Explosive Properties: No data signal explosive hazard, but dust/vapor with air can ignite under specific conditions
Chemical Stability: Stable in original, sealed containers stored under recommended conditions
Reactivity: May react with strong reducing agents; reacts with strong alkalis or acids, releasing toxic gases
Thermal Decomposition: Breakdown occurs at high temperatures, releasing bromide and nitrous oxide compounds
Hazardous Reactions: Exothermic reactions possible with incompatible materials; contact with metals may slowly release hydrogen bromide
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Hydrogen bromide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide
Conditions to Avoid: Moisture, direct sunlight, elevated temperatures, and contact with incompatible chemicals
Acute Toxicity (Oral): LD50 (rat) 305 mg/kg; highly toxic if ingested
Dermal Toxicity: LD50 (rabbit) 1600 mg/kg; toxic through skin absorption
Inhalation Toxicity: Not well-defined; may cause respiratory tract irritation
Skin Irritation: Causes moderate to severe irritation; prolonged contact may cause dermatitis and blistering
Eye Damage: Burns and may cause irreversible damage; redness, tearing, blurred vision
Sensitization: May provoke allergic skin reaction in some individuals
Chronic Effects: Repeat exposure causes skin sensitization, respiratory inflammation, and possible liver and kidney damage
Mutagenicity/Carcinogenicity/Reproductive Effects: No direct evidence of carcinogenic or mutagenic potential from epidemiological studies; limited reproductive toxicity data
Ecotoxicity: Highly toxic to aquatic life; LC50 (fish, 96 hours): 1.4 mg/L; EC50 (daphnia, 48 hours): 0.007 mg/L
Persistence and Degradability: Degrades slowly in water under neutral and acidic conditions; breaks down faster in alkaline conditions or with sunlight
Bioaccumulation Potential: Low, based on log Pow and measured data
Mobility: Highly water soluble, readily mobile in aquatic environments
Other Harmful Effects: Toxic to bacteria and micro-organisms; disrupts aquatic ecosystem balance
Precautionary Environmental Statements: Strictly contain runoff or spills; avoid direct discharge to the environment
Waste Treatment Methods: Consult local hazardous waste disposal contractor; incineration under controlled conditions recommended
Disposal of Product: Collect into clearly labeled, sealed containers; do not discharge to sewer or open waters
Contaminated Packaging: Triple rinse and dispose as hazardous waste; decontaminate where permitted or incinerate
Special Precautions: Do not mix with regular garbage; ensure compliance with regulations covering biocides and hazardous substances
UN Number: UN 3241
Proper Shipping Name: 2-Bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol
Transport Hazard Class: 6.1 (toxic substances)
Packing Group: II
Transport Labels: Poison (skull and crossbones), Environmental Hazard
Special Precautions: Avoid breakage or leakage; ensure cargo is isolated from food and feed; operators wear protective equipment when handling shipments
Additional Notes: Comply with IATA, IMDG, and ADR regulations during movement across territories
OSHA Hazard Status: Classified as hazardous under US HCS; equivalent standards in the EU and other regions
TSCA Inventory: Listed
EINECS/ELINCS: Listed
REACH Registration: Covered for use within the EU; handled as a registered biocide
SARA 313 (US): Subject to reporting for toxic release inventory
Other Local Regulations: Subject to labelling requirements in multiple regions; personal exposure limits and environmental discharge restrictions where present
Safety Review: Regulatory bodies require regular workplace training and hazard communication for all personnel in contact with this chemical
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