Chemists have always found a challenge in separating mirror-image molecules, or enantiomers, especially when drug effectiveness or catalyst performance hinges on the right fit. Decades ago, (1S,2S)-(-)-1,2-cyclohexanediamine drew interest as an accessible chiral building block. Researchers first used its D-tartrate salt to pull apart mixtures, laying the groundwork for pure enantiomer synthesis. Over time, this compound found its way into textbooks and labs as a core example of chiral resolution, proof that not all molecules behave the same in biological systems. I’ve seen old papers, some yellowed and hard to decipher, laying out protocols that still get referenced. Today, the D-tartrate salt is a staple in chemical research.
(1S,2S)-(-)-1,2-Cyclohexanediamine D-tartrate isn’t just a string of syllables; it’s a chiral salt that solves hands-on problems for working chemists. It provides a well-established route for carrying out asymmetric synthesis and resolution tasks. This material enters the market as a powder or crystalline solid, often with a reputation for reliability in both small- and large-scale settings. The name comes with a level of trust, something I’ve noticed when talking with colleagues preparing for complex organic syntheses or setting up asymmetric catalytic reactions. Sourcing a bad lot would throw off entire research schedules.
(1S,2S)-(-)-1,2-Cyclohexanediamine D-tartrate appears as a white or off-white crystalline powder. Its solubility profile — soluble in water, less so in most organic solvents — allows chemists to process it in aqueous workups and precipitations. The melting point typically ranges just above 200°C, an indicator of its stability and purity. The compound keeps stable under standard storage and transport, but high humidity can make it clump or pick up weight. Chemically, the primary amine groups give the molecule a lot of reactivity, especially in forming coordination complexes. Stereochemistry here isn’t some dry textbook topic; it directly affects how well this compound works in enantioselective applications.
Reputable suppliers spell out exacting specifications for this material: enantiomeric excess above 98%, minimal moisture content (often less than 0.5%), minimal metal contamination, and a full spectrum of identity checks via HPLC and NMR. Labels include proper chemical names, batch numbers, expiry dates, safety icons, and purity figures. I always check these before making a purchase, knowing how one off-spec shipment can derail a synthesis. Companies typically list the packing sizes, often 5g, 25g, and up to kilogram quantities, because customers include both research labs and manufacturing outfits.
The synthesis of (1S,2S)-(-)-1,2-cyclohexanediamine D-tartrate starts from cyclohexene, which undergoes catalytic dihydroxylation, then amination, while rigorous conditions maintain chirality. The D-tartrate salt comes in as a resolving agent, allowing extraction of the pure (1S,2S) diamine. Variables like solvent choice and temperature play big roles here — a rushed or sloppy prep means poor yield and worse selectivity. Years back, I followed an old but reliable process in the lab, where we’d dissolve the crude diamine in ethanol, add D-tartaric acid, and watch as crystals form. The real trick was patient cooling, not brute force.
Chemists seldom stop with plain diamine salts. The compound’s amines form Schiff bases, ureas, or coordinate tightly with metals like ruthenium, rhodium, and palladium. These complexes show up in cutting-edge catalysis, sometimes in industrial manufacturing of chiral drugs or fine chemicals. Modifications — N-alkylation, acylation, and more — tune the molecule for specific reactivity or binding. I've worked with these derivatives in asymmetric hydrogenation, seeing firsthand how small tweaks dial reaction outcomes from mediocre to outstanding. Control of purity and stereochemistry makes all the difference between a successful catalyst and a shelf ornament.
Across catalogs and citations, you’ll see a handful of alternate terms for this compound: (1S,2S)-1,2-Diaminocyclohexane D-tartrate, trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane D-tartrate, or even more generic “chiral diamine-tartrate” tags. Some vendors brand it with internal codes or catalog numbers, but chemists quickly recognize the structure behind the label. In practice, everyone looks for the stereochemistry and the source of the tartaric acid — it’s a shorthand among experienced buyers.
Safety data on this compound remains straightforward but essential. The diamine functions as an irritant, especially to skin and eyes, so gloves and glasses are standard. The D-tartrate salt sometimes generates fine dust, creating inhalation risks. Reputable suppliers match shipments with safety data sheets and proper hazard language. I’ve made it a habit to check ventilation and spill-response protocols, knowing small lapses cause big problems fast. Waste disposal routes stick to local chemical destruction or authorized hazardous waste handlers, not regular trash. These standards protect everyone, from shipping clerks to research chemists.
Applications for (1S,2S)-(-)-1,2-cyclohexanediamine D-tartrate reach into asymmetric synthesis, drug development, and complex ligand design. Researchers count on this salt for making chiral catalysts, particularly in pharmaceutical processes where the right sense of chirality unlocks higher selectivity, lower costs, and safer products. Outside the drug world, this diamine supports the production of fine chemicals, electronic materials, and new polymers. Industries invest real money into process scale-up, revealing the compound’s importance far beyond academic curiosity. Even chemical engineering textbooks now cite case studies involving this material as an example of practical chiral resolution at commercial scale.
Academic and industrial labs keep pushing boundaries with (1S,2S)-(-)-1,2-cyclohexanediamine D-tartrate, seeking new reaction mechanisms and scalable routes. Researchers dive into the details, analyzing crystal structures, designing new ligands from the base diamine, or tailoring derivatives for custom catalysis. Some studies look for greener methods to synthesize the compound with less waste and more energy efficiency, a priority as chemicals face stricter regulation globally. Collaborative projects tackle cost reduction, all while maintaining strict purity and enantiomeric control. The sense of progress here stems from seeing ideas in journals become tools in process plants or new drugs heading for clinical trials.
Scientists examine both acute and chronic toxicity. Standard animal models suggest low acute toxicity for the tartrate salt, but high doses bring risks linked to amine exposure — including respiratory tract irritation, and skin sensitization. Researchers also check for genotoxicity and potential environmental hazards; regulatory filings now require such information before large-scale handling. The informed view: treat the compound with respect, train users well, and avoid sloppy disposal. My own experience in safety audits shows that labs tend to overestimate safety for “routine” chemicals, which only increases risks.
On the horizon, (1S,2S)-(-)-1,2-cyclohexanediamine D-tartrate looks likely to hold its status as a versatile chiral source. Synthetic methods will keep evolving, with biocatalysis and greener options eating into legacy methods. As drug discovery chases more complex chiral targets, demand for robust diamine sources flares up. New research lines could push the compound into exotic materials or next-generation enantioselective technologies. The focus stays on reliability, traceability in sourcing, cleaner processes, and wider applicability. Regulatory scrutiny will shape access, so documentation and transparency grow ever more central. If the past few decades serve as any guide, this compound’s journey is far from over.
Every year, researchers roll out new medicines and advanced materials, but very few outsiders realize the heavy lifting done in the lab before these breakthroughs reach the real world. Among the chemical building blocks that shape modern science, (1S,2S)-(-)-1,2-Cyclohexanediamine D-tartrate holds a special spot on many lab benches. Chemists count on it for its knack in making molecules behave a certain way, pushing selectivity to a new level.
Anyone who's tried to craft chiral compounds—those with a specific handedness—knows the job eats up time and talent. Often, only one side of a molecule does what’s intended in a drug or catalyst. Filtering out the unwanted version takes expertise, patience, and clever chemistry. (1S,2S)-(-)-1,2-Cyclohexanediamine D-tartrate steps up here. Its real strength appears in asymmetric catalysis. Ligands made from this diamine latch onto metals like ruthenium or palladium and guide reactions to favor one hand over the other. Chiral drugs, with safer profiles and higher potency, usually owe their production in part to these reactions.
During my early years in pharma, teams would light up whenever we got our hands on a pure batch of this compound. It’s not just about preference—regulatory bodies demand high purity and the “right” enantiomer in every batch of a chiral pharmaceutical. Skipping steps or ignoring stereochemistry can land a batch in the scrap pile or, worse, put patients at risk. (1S,2S)-(-)-1,2-Cyclohexanediamine D-tartrate lets scientists avoid those headaches, and it’s saved a lot of late nights in the process.
Large-scale chemical producers trust this material for the way it sharpens reaction outcomes. Companies looking to streamline manufacturing, cut waste, and ensure each step delivers predictable results reach for proven performers like this diamine salt. Catalytic processes using this compound reduce byproducts and make separation less of a nightmare. That keeps costs down and consistency up, all while hitting environmental targets.
It’s easy for folks outside science to overlook the sweat that goes into designing a reaction that hits the mark for both yield and selectivity. Yet (1S,2S)-(-)-1,2-Cyclohexanediamine D-tartrate keeps showing up in patents, batch records, and scale-up reports for one reason: it delivers results in real-world conditions. Chemists looking for green chemistry solutions appreciate how its use can lower reliance on harsh reagents and limit waste, echoing calls for safer, more sustainable chemical practices.
Cost and steady supply sometimes become hurdles, especially for smaller labs. Demand spikes after new innovations can lead to shortages, so investment in synthesis routes and secure supply channels pays off for companies who want to stay ahead. Sharing experiences with sourcing and handling lets research groups avoid common pitfalls, making for smoother and more reliable outcomes across the board.
Big discoveries rely on quiet workhorses. (1S,2S)-(-)-1,2-Cyclohexanediamine D-tartrate is one such example, helping scientists shape molecules in ways that benefit everybody, from the researcher at their bench to the patient swallowing a life-saving pill.
Chemical names can seem like tongue twisters, but every part tells a story. With (1S,2S)-(-)-1,2-Cyclohexanediamine D-tartrate, there’s a cyclohexane ring sitting at its core, carrying two amino groups. Paired with D-tartaric acid, you get a salt with unique properties. Its chemical formula, C6H14N2·C4H6O6, ties together both pieces of this compound. Add up their weights: cyclohexanediamine comes to about 114.19 g/mol, and D-tartrate adds 150.09 g/mol. The final molecular weight sits at 264.29 g/mol. This tells researchers exactly how much mass one mole of the salt holds, which matters in everything from lab prep to scale-up in industry.
I’ve seen confusion spread quickly once the wrong material hits a flask. It’s not rare—chemicals with similar names or subtle changes in their makeup lead to wasted time and untrustworthy results. (1S,2S)-(-)-1,2-Cyclohexanediamine D-tartrate is used because of its specific configuration. Chirality, or handedness, isn’t just a trivia point for chemists; it directly affects how the molecule interacts with other compounds. In synthesis, particularly for pharmaceuticals or catalysts, the right shape means everything. The wrong enantiomer could block a reaction or even introduce toxicity in a drug candidate.
I’ve worked with peers who swear by double-checking suppliers and datasheets. Finding the exact molecular weight or formula printed right on the lab bottle gives peace of mind. Research published by reputable chemical distributors reports that the formula C6H14N2·C4H6O6 consistently delivers the performance and purity their clients need. Lab instructors remind students to double-check these numbers, especially in critical experiments. That habit has saved many from disappointment, even in seasoned labs.
This compound steps into the spotlight for enantioselective catalysis or as a chiral building block. Pharmaceutical companies chase the correct enantiomer not just for legal compliance but for safety. The thalidomide tragedy from the 20th century lingers as a harsh lesson. Today, suppliers and labs track molecular weights and chiralities with careful accuracy, knowing it’s not just science at stake—it’s real lives and business credibility.
Mix-ups and misinterpretations don’t have to keep happening. Every chemist can build checklists: confirm the structural formula, verify the specific rotation, and check the molecular weight before starting a synthesis run. Digital inventory tools now help log every batch and supplier. Labs with tight documentation procedures report far fewer costly mistakes. Nurturing relationships with reputable vendors brings another layer of assurance, since trusted suppliers are more likely to maintain batch-to-batch integrity and up-to-date product specifications.
Teaching new generations of researchers to respect these chemical details pays off. The formula and weight for (1S,2S)-(-)-1,2-Cyclohexanediamine D-tartrate aren’t just numbers—they’re the foundation for safe practices, reliable discoveries, and intelligent production. Relying on solid data, asking careful questions, and favoring transparency all matter. Chemistry demands attention, but that effort sets up everyone for genuine progress and trust in the results that science brings.
Few things throw a wrench into research like spoiling a reagent due to hasty storage habits. I’ve had to trash a whole batch because humidity crept in overnight when someone forgot to close a container right. Chemicals like (1S,2S)-(-)-1,2-Cyclohexanediamine D-tartrate don’t shout out warnings, but they suffer if stored like kitchen salt. Even if this compound looks stable in a bottle, tiny lapses in handling trigger slow changes that can make a reliable result impossible later on.
A seasoned chemist learns early to give reagents their own quiet space. Moisture is an enemy of this compound. Keep containers tightly capped and stash them in a cool, dry, and shaded cabinet. In one university lab, a reagent fridge reserved for such sensitive materials paid for itself by keeping chemicals viable long past their usual shelf lives. Store away from sinks, windows, or doors to avoid sudden temperature swings and humidity attacks—these cause unnoticed breakdowns and risk a complete loss of purity.
Plastic lets through water vapor and sometimes reacts with stored contents. Glass keeps things neutral. In my experience, even high-grade plastics develop microscopic scratches, and solvents sometimes leach through over time. Stick to amber glass bottles for this diaminated cyclohexane salt. Darkness helps prevent indirect light from slowly altering chemical structure, even outside UV. Tightly sealed glass also keeps out the faint chemical fumes that waft through shared lab environments—fumes that sometimes ruin the next experiment before you even realize what happened.
Mislabeling accounts for more ruined projects than bad technique. Record lot numbers, opening dates, and your own initials directly on containers using solvent-proof markers or official labels. Log usage and storage conditions in a notebook. After one colleague’s labeling slip-up, half a project got duplicated with the wrong isomer, wasting weeks. Treat your reagents like family heirlooms—handle with care and keep detailed records.
Chemists respect boundaries. Acids, bases, and oxidizers deserve their own shelves, not just for safety but for chemical stability, too. (1S,2S)-(-)-1,2-Cyclohexanediamine D-tartrate sits safest on its own shelf in a dry cabinet. Nearby bottles of strong acids or oxidizers can cause slow, invisible changes if vapors sneak into the wrong bottle. I’ve seen fine white powders turn brown just from sharing airspace with the wrong companion over a few short months.
Many of us overlook the end of a reagent’s story. Old or contaminated batches become hazardous. Keep disposal protocols printed nearby, and educate newcomers. Ask suppliers for current disposal guidance; they know their chemicals and update instructions faster than many textbooks. Proper disposal keeps local water and soil free from unwanted residues, too—no one needs surprise environmental fines down the road.
Not all suppliers have the same idea of stability and purity. I always look for detailed certificates of analysis and independent stability data. Cheap supplies might come from questionable sources, risking inconsistent results. Use reputable vendors. Over the years, sticking with trusted suppliers meant fewer interruptions, stronger data, and none of those awkward moments explaining bad results to clients or supervisors.
Safe, correct storage isn’t about bureaucracy. It protects the chemistry and work. Experienced researchers double-check seals, environmental conditions, and labeling every day. This approach, built on direct experience, lets science move forward without surprises or setbacks. As I’ve learned, the compound will never thank you. Your successful results will.
As someone who's watched a few labs wrestle with chemicals that look identical at first glance, I can tell you—purity isn’t just a number jotted down on a supplier’s spec sheet. (1S,2S)-(-)-1,2-Cyclohexanediamine D-tartrate may show up on order lists for research chemists, pharma firms, or those tinkering with catalysts. Yet, the meaning of “purity” changes based on the end use.
Suppliers recognize that the same molecule serves different masters. Some batches head into analytical labs, where folks obsess over trace impurities because a single outlier peak can throw off entire studies. Other batches support industrial syntheses where a smidge of water or organics won’t throw off the whole process. You’ll see vendors offer lab grade, technical grade, and even pharmaceutical grade versions, each with their own QC hurdles. Analytical grade often brings the tightest specs, catering to applications with no margin for error. Technical grades open the door to lower price points but leave more leeway for trace contamination.
The search for pristine material isn’t just academic snobbery. During a run-in with an “almost pure” diamine sample in a small biotech lab, a buddy of mine saw side reactions spiral out of control. A contaminant level—even under 1%—tanked their catalyst’s selectivity, burning through precious time and grant dollars. The lesson sticks: any impurity has the potential to gum up sensitive processes, especially in asymmetric synthesis or high-precision catalysis where enantiomeric purity can make or break the whole batch.
Pharmaceutical users can’t roll the dice on unknowns. Regulatory bodies like the FDA demand traceability, and even minor fluctuations might draw a black mark in compliance audits. The stakes climb even further if a product reaches patients; a nondegradable impurity could impact safety or effectiveness. On the other side, bulk manufacturing often seeks a cost-saving compromise, prioritizing competitive pricing without shelling out for pharmaceutical-grade specs when it’s not absolutely needed. Still, even technical users can get burned if a contaminant interacts unexpectedly at scale.
Reading a supplier’s certificate of analysis isn’t as straightforward as it sounds. Some companies cut corners, advertising “high purity” but skipping detailed impurity reports—or dodging clarity on synthesis traceability. Legitimate chemical suppliers back up claims with not only purity percentage but also a detailed rundown of trace residuals, moisture content, possible isomer mixes, and even optical rotation data. If your experiments hinge on chirality, checking for enantiomeric excess goes from luxury to necessity.
Evaluating vendors means drilling down beyond the headline figures. Ask questions—do they batch test, or just spot-check? How fresh is the material, and what’s the storage protocol? If the price seems too good to be true, you can bet something slipped through the cracks. Taking the time to get these answers up front saves headaches down the line.
It’s tempting to chase cost savings by relaxing purity demands, but that can backfire badly. Transparent supply chains and rigorous testing keep research and production moving forward—without sleepless nights spent fretting over mystery contaminants.
Every chemical tells its own story about risk and care. (1S,2S)-(-)-1,2-Cyclohexanediamine D-tartrate looks mild, yet behind the long name lies a need for solid precautions. Getting lax in the lab or the stockroom doesn't just invite mess; it puts health and results on the line. I’ve worked with chirally pure compounds like this, and learned firsthand how easy it is to misjudge risk when the substance appears non-threatening. Any white powder or crystalline solid handled daily lulls you into routine, but a routine can breed slips.
No one should ever shrug off goggles, gloves, or a fitted lab coat. Even with mild irritants, good habits make all the difference. Skin contact with this compound can cause problems — rashes, redness, dry patches that take weeks to vanish. Inhalation brings its own issues. Powders in the air, no matter how faint, irritate the nose and lungs. I’ve seen coworkers ignore the dust, only to sneeze for hours after. Half-measures never work well. Nitrile gloves, goggles that seal around the eyes, and masks rated for chemical dust block most risks.
Transferring fine crystals or powders seems simple. The trouble begins the moment you scoop or weigh — static pulls dust upward, and open jars invite spills. I always choose the fume hood, even for a quick aliquot. It protects anyone nearby and keeps stray dust off the bench. Spills do happen, and even a tiny bit clinging to fingertips travels on doorknobs, pens, and phones. Cleaning up right away with damp disposable towels, instead of blowing or brushing, stops spread. Double bagging the chemical container, along with proper labeling, cuts confusion during busy days. It might feel tedious, but these small moves prevent a bad accident down the line.
Too many labs let chemicals pile up on open shelves, waiting for clutter to take over. (1S,2S)-(-)-1,2-Cyclohexanediamine D-tartrate stores well in a cool, dry cabinet away from acids, oxidizers, and moisture. Humid corners cause clumping or hidden degradation, contaminating future syntheses. One person’s lazy stashing becomes the whole group’s headache, so I always use secondary containment and log the date the jar arrived. Expired or spilled material demands more care — no dumping in the trash or sink. Hazardous waste containers, usually plastic-lined and labeled, keep the environment safe. Last year, I worked in a place fined heavily after casual disposal of organics. No one wants that.
Routines don’t make anyone immune from harm. I have seen what happens when someone treats safety as a vague guideline: small exposures turned into lasting health problems, corrupted experiment results, and hard conversations after minor accidents. Good safety culture takes daily reminders, ongoing training, and peer pressure to do things the right way. I often share real stories during training sessions — the goal is to build respect for protocols before something goes wrong. Reliable chemical suppliers provide Safety Data Sheets for every material. Reviewing these before the first use, and keeping a printed copy nearby, means details about fire, toxin risks, and first aid remain at hand.
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