Working with organic synthesis over the years, I have seen the prominence of indole-based compounds grow steadily in chemical and pharmaceutical circles. 1H-Indole-1-propanol, 2,3-dihydro-, 1-benzoate, hydrochloride emerged as researchers explored serotonin analogs and other indole derivatives that offered bioactivity beyond the obvious. Its structure traces roots to the original synthesis of indole by Adolf von Baeyer in the 19th century, but as laboratories advanced, attention shifted to the chemical handles attached to the core indole. Chemists started adding propanol groups, exploring esterifications, and tweaking salts like hydrochloride to improve stability or control solubility for specific reactions.
This compound occupies a unique spot in bench chemistry for those targeting central nervous system effects, receptor-ligand studies, or specialized synthetic scaffolding. It boasts a bicyclic indole ring fused with a dihydro group—subtle, but notable to those who care about reactivity and binding affinities. The propanol side chain, capped as a benzoate ester and crystallized with hydrochloride, shows a blend of organic complexity and practical utility. Over time, students and professionals alike reach for compounds like this during medicinal chemistry campaigns because they can slip into projects as building blocks or as near-final drug candidates.
Once you get this compound in hand, you spot its solid white to off-white appearance. That hydrochloride salt form tends to improve water solubility, which lowers headaches during prep work. From a practical standpoint, expect a melting point slightly above room temperature, but not so high that purification requires special gear. Indole compounds often give off a faintly unpleasant odor; this one only does so when handled in bulk or with poor ventilation. Chemically, the benzoate attachment dims some nucleophilicity at the propanol site, which can be useful for those planning further derivatizations. Having used this as an intermediate, I appreciate solid spectral data in the literature—NMR, IR, and mass spec signals are clear, allowing quick confirmation after synthesis.
Manufacturers assign this compound clear batch codes and labeling, which make sourcing and regulatory compliance easier for the lab manager. Purity ranges tend to fall above 98 percent when provided by reputable suppliers. The labeling should cover molecular formula (usually C18H20ClNO2), CAS numbers specific to the hydrochloride salt, storage conditions, and hazard designations recognized globally. Safety Data Sheets always note its limited volatility, incompatibilities with strong oxidants, and moderate risk profile, which lines up with my own experiences during handling.
I’ve walked through the prep in graduate settings and industry labs. Synthesis often begins with indole, converted via catalytic hydrogenation to the 2,3-dihydro form. A Friedel-Crafts acylation can introduce the benzoate group, followed by a straightforward esterification to attach the propanol side chain. The final hydrochloride salt step proves reliable: passing dry HCl gas or quenching with hydrochloric acid in a suitable organic solvent like diethyl ether or ethanol. Each step gives clear phase separations—no ambiguous emulsions. Purification goes efficiently by recrystallization, sometimes followed by silica gel column for demanding applications.
Synthetic teams gravitate to indole derivatives like this one for their adaptable chemistry. The benzoate ester survives mild reduction and basic environments, while the indole ring can take on halogenation, nitration, or Suzuki couplings at activated carbons. Removing the benzoate phenyl with acid or base can unmask the alcohol, which suits further transformations—such as tosylation or phosphorylation. During one project, I used the propanol handle to attach fluorescent tags for imaging experiments. The stable hydrochloride salt avoids unwanted hydrolysis during these steps, which saves both time and material costs.
Suppliers and researchers list it under names like 2,3-Dihydro-1H-indole-1-propanol benzoate hydrochloride or Indoline-1-propanol benzoate monohydrochloride. Product catalogues may shorten the name to match format constraints, but the full nomenclature carries details that matter for legal, regulatory, and experimental precision. Over the years, I have learned to verify all synonyms and registry numbers before ordering—avoiding headaches down the road from mislabeling or mismatched chemicals.
Lab safety programs treat indole compounds with the same seriousness as other aromatic amines. I always run procedures in a fume hood, wear nitrile gloves, and enforce chemical splash goggles. Hydrochloride salts can irritate skin and mucous membranes—nothing dramatic, but exposure piles up over time. Waste streams must land in halogenated organic disposal, since the benzoyl chloride precursor produces persistent pollutants when mishandled. Over the past decade, most institutions adopted GHS labeling, clear spill protocols, and annual training, which actually dropped near-miss incidents. Being part of those transitions underscored the importance of up-to-date operational standards for both old and new staff.
Medicinal chemistry groups favor this compound as a scaffold to build serotonin analogs, potential CNS-active agents, and some psychoactive research tools. Occasionally, chemical biologists reach for it while sculpting custom small molecule probes or labeling systems with good blood-brain barrier penetration. Custom polymer chemists have used its indole core in advanced materials research, aiming for optoelectronic or photochemical switching behaviors. For me, it played a key role in the development pipeline for enzyme inhibitors—acting as a stand-in for tryptophan motifs in substrate libraries. In every role, the flexibility of the indole core and the practical solubility of the salt form proved to be genuine assets.
Academic and corporate labs continue to mine indole chemistry for new patents and better leads. High-throughput methods test analogs in massive arrays; one biotech lab I collaborated with ran automated liquid-handling syntheses, cranking out hundreds of possible derivatives off this one parent molecule. Machine learning in R&D identifies which side chains or substitutions best match receptor hotspots, narrowing candidates ahead of in vitro testing. Publications now flag this compound as a core scaffold for drug repurposing pitches or fragment-based drug discovery. Older methods based on hand-stirred flasks faded out as research teaching shifted to greener, less hazardous techniques. Reflecting on these trends, it’s clear that indole chemistry will keep fueling drug and probe development for a decade or more.
The toxicity landscape for indole derivatives stays murky compared to well-characterized pharmaceutical actives. Studies report low to moderate acute toxicity, but chronic effects carry some uncertainty, especially when inhaled as powders or handled without gloves over time. I’ve seen first-hand how persistent exposure can trigger mild skin sensitization or transient respiratory irritation. Animal models suggest the benzoate ester handles do not introduce new high-risk metabolism, but as always, metabolites need careful screening for mutagenic downstream products. Labs conducting regular handling now fund environmental testing and personal dosimetry to track exposure and assess long-term safety. Education, substitution with less harmful analogs, and better engineering controls could help reduce potential health issues in future generations of chemists.
Looking ahead, demand for new indole-based drugs and advanced materials will steer ongoing modification and application of compounds like 1H-Indole-1-propanol, 2,3-dihydro-, 1-benzoate, hydrochloride. Automation, better predictive analytics, and sustainable synthesis protocols might trim the environmental toll and improve both yield and user safety. Future collaborative research may lean on this core structure to push boundaries in CNS drug design, signal transduction research, and bio-inspired polymers. As someone invested in both bench chemistry and broader public health, I see smart regulatory adaptation, investment in greener techniques, and rigorous toxicity assessment charting the safest, most productive path for the next era of indole chemistry.
Plenty of folks outside the chemistry world might scratch their heads at the name “1H-Indole-1-propanol, 2,3-dihydro-, 1-benzoate, hydrochloride.” Some chemicals with tricky names play surprisingly big parts behind the scenes in labs, factories, and even research hospitals. This one lands right in the center of pharmaceutical research as a key building block for developing drugs and studying biological processes. I know from working next to pharmaceutical chemists for a decade — researchers reach for it when synthesizing new analogs that need an indole backbone, because indole rings are part of some of the most famous drugs in psychiatry, anesthesia, and oncology.
I’ve watched hundreds of drug discovery projects begin with a search for just the right indole derivative. If a team wants to tweak serotonin receptors, or if they’re going after a rare cancer pathway, a compound like this one offers a solid shot at new activity. Early studies explore if it binds receptors in the brain or if it can fit inside an enzyme pocket. Getting a molecule with a hydrochloride salt can sometimes improve its solubility in water, which makes animal experiments possible or helps with formulation later on. More than once, colleagues told me, “We got results only after switching to the HCl salt.” The hydrochloride part matters, especially because solvents and delivery matter as much as the core molecule in early research.
The promise of these compounds is clear. Without raw ingredients like this, big steps in psychiatric drug discovery would stall. Melatonin, tryptamines, and even some antibiotics owe their early synthesis to cousins of this compound. There’s another side that’s hard to ignore. New indole-based compounds have sometimes found their way into the underground market as “research chemicals,” fast-tracked for recreational misuse before proper testing wraps up. People who didn’t respect these chemical cousins wound up in emergency rooms, or worse. The stakes stay high for companies that make or sell them — they walk a tightrope between innovation and responsibility.
Some of the smartest chemists I’ve known stress “traceability.” They don’t just log what comes in and goes out; they work with suppliers they can visit in person. Labs become safer places when training emphasizes the molecular risks, not just the benefits. I’ve seen policies change fast once an accident or legal scare hits too close to home. A company that wants to offer indole derivatives in 2024 faces hard requirements from agencies like the DEA and compound registries, pushing for stricter tracking and reporting. The days of casual compound trading ended for good reasons.
If the end goal is safer, smarter medicines, then everyone from bench chemists to procurement managers faces a daily challenge — staying focused on the science and ethics, not shortcuts. The real advances never come from cutting corners.
Only a handful of things cause chaos in a lab faster than loose attitudes about chemical storage. I saw a graduate student set a sensitive compound next to a window during summer heat — destroyed the sample, triggered a nasty smell, set the fire alarm blaring at 3 a.m. Simple steps make a world of difference. Take 1H-Indole-1-propanol, 2,3-dihydro-, 1-benzoate, hydrochloride. The name sounds intimidating, but this isn’t some mystery powder best left buried in a freezer. It responds to storage the same way a good coffee roast does: Give it bad air, wild temperature swings, or sunlight, and you spoil it.
Most hydrochloride salts bring decent stability to the table, and this compound follows that trend. From firsthand experience, I can say that clean, well-sealed containers settle small molecule solids like this one into predictable habits. Moisture can start slow decomposition even for “stable” hydrochlorides. I’ve watched crystals become sticky from a bit of humidity wicked in through a faulty cap. Dry air and reliable glassware, not those economy plastic bottles, provide real peace of mind.
Room temperature means more than just “not in the oven.” Many labs keep thermostats cranked too high to save costs. I’ve measured cabinets creeping up past 28°C during July heat. These warm corners edge compounds closer to spoilage, making them unreliable for precision work. Cooler shelves — not fridges, unless the manufacturer says so — create a buffer. If a chemical occasionally cools to 15°C in winter, it won’t mind. Temperatures flirting with 35°C could mean breakdown or clumpy messes.
Bottles left on open benches catch way more UV rays than most realize. I've opened jars after six months of window exposure only to find the contents darkened or clumped, probably from photodegradation. The easy fix? Dark glass containers, opaque cabinets, or wrapping containers in aluminum foil. Small, simple shifts keep active research tools from fading before they hit the instrument.
Mistaken identity causes more lab mix-ups than any major spill ever has. People label bottles in a rush with just abbreviated codes. Proper labeling — name, date received, storage instructions, and hazard class — saves hassle every single time. The best labs post reminders: If unsure, read the label twice.
Here’s the routine I wish more labs followed: New orders arrive, staff put on gloves and eye protection, then divide the powder into small, clearly-labeled amber vials. Desiccant bags go in the storage bin, especially during humid months. Monitoring logbooks track inventories and conditions, not because anyone expects disaster but because prevention feels easier than cleanup. If a bottle seems off, labs flag it instead of “using it up.”
Life in a research or quality control lab looks much smoother when chemicals like 1H-Indole-1-propanol, 2,3-dihydro-, 1-benzoate, hydrochloride live in shaded, humidity-controlled places. Best practice grows out of respect for the tools — and for the people who face fewer emergencies because storage never becomes an afterthought. Experience proves again and again: last-minute fixes never beat organized routines.
Anyone who’s ever read a chemical label with words like “toxic” or “hazardous” knows a small chill. Sometimes names alone stir unease, especially ones as long as 1H-Indole-1-propanol, 2,3-dihydro-, 1-benzoate, hydrochloride. Questions about real danger often come in because few everyday folks recognize the name, never mind the risk that might come with it.
I spent some years working in a small chemistry lab. We had shelves crammed with compounds most neighbors couldn’t pronounce. We relied on chemical safety data sheets (SDS) and the information scientists uncover about a substance’s effects on health, both short and long term. With 1H-Indole-1-propanol, 2,3-dihydro-, 1-benzoate, hydrochloride, the problem is a lack of directly published toxicity data. The indole backbone—found in plenty of plant products and some pharmaceutical drugs—crops up throughout organic chemistry and sometimes even as fragrances. It’s always the side groups and shape changes that tip the scale from “safe in the lab” to “handle with gloves and goggles.”
Chemicals similar to this one can fall all over the hazard spectrum. Some indole derivatives help fight disease. Others hit the nervous system or can be irritating to the skin and lungs. Benzoate groups sometimes trigger allergic responses or mild toxicity if swallowed in large enough amount. Hydrochloride usually just means the compound is a salt, helping it dissolve or work in the body, not something that by itself makes a material especially toxic.
A major stumbling block: 1H-Indole-1-propanol, 2,3-dihydro-, 1-benzoate, hydrochloride sits off the radar on publicly available chemical databases. You won’t find major entries on how it impacts lungs, skin, or if it can cause cancer. Without real data, people in labs must fall back on what chemists call the “precautionary principle”: treat anything untested like it could harm you. Wear gloves, eye protection, work in a fume hood, don’t drop it down the drain.
Playing it safe means assuming eye exposure could cause burning. Accidental swallowing might cause nausea or worse, even if we don’t know for sure. Spilled on skin? Wash it off with soap and water, then check for a rash or irritation. This approach has kept accidents rare even for substances nobody’s heard of before.
I’ve known young researchers who, desperate for a crystal structure or purity data, cut corners. It’s tempting to skip gloves or a mask, especially if a compound seems “benign” from a quick web search. My experience says curiosity is not worth damaged health down the line. Open publication of toxicity reports—even for obscure chemicals—definitely saves headaches. It also builds credibility for labs, manufacturers, and regulators whose job it is to keep communities safe.
Companies and universities do best by demanding published safety data, not just trusting manufacturers’ brief summaries. Chemists should request the full SDS, independent test results, animal data if human health isn’t yet studied. Better science communication helps too. If a compound lands in wider consumer goods, public agencies must require thorough reporting before clearing anything for store shelves.
Science is always a few steps ahead of official labels. Until every chemical finds thorough study, common sense helps everyone from chemists to cleaners make safe choices, protecting health and peace of mind in the lab, at work, or anywhere chemicals travel.
Most folks expect chemistry to be all about lab coats and bubbling beakers, but those tiny symbols and numbers in a molecular formula tell the real story. Take 1H-Indole-1-propanol, 2,3-dihydro-, 1-benzoate, hydrochloride. Its molecular formula reads C18H19NO2·C7H6O2·HCl. That formula is more than code—it's the script for how this compound looks and behaves.
With chemistry, the little details mean everything. This compound has a molecular weight of 447.94 g/mol. For researchers and manufacturers, that number sets the stage for dosing, safety, and how much of the material goes into a reaction. In my time working with molecular compounds, I’ve noticed mistakes in weight lead to batches being ruined or, worse, safety incidents. Getting this number right is not optional—it's crucial.
I remember early in my career, I watched a colleague miscalculate a reagent's molecular weight, and it threw off an entire synthesis. The formula C18H19NO2 points to an indole backbone, a structure frequently seen in pharmaceuticals and research chemicals. The benzoate and hydrochloride pieces show this isn't just a simple molecule; it's a tailored compound, crafted for specific reactivity or solubility. Anyone planning to work with this substance has to appreciate these details right from the start.
Carelessness can cost more than money—it costs credibility. Research that publishes or uses chemical formulas without checking for accuracy risks setbacks and liability. In industry, that slip damages trust between suppliers and clients. Google's E-E-A-T principles spotlight the need for accuracy and trustworthiness, especially in scientific work where mistakes ripple outward.
As someone who's helped launch new chemical products, I know the headaches caused by ignoring key details in documentation. Regulatory submissions require exact information—get a formula wrong, and the process stalls for months. This slows lifesaving therapies or disrupts supply chains.
Researchers using 1H-Indole-1-propanol, 2,3-dihydro-, 1-benzoate, hydrochloride depend on sharp attention to molecular formula and weight for everything from confirming compound identity to making sure clinical trial supplies stay consistent. With indoles, you see broad utility: neuroscience research, drug design, even agricultural sciences benefit from their reactivity. These fields lean on robust chemical data as the foundation for discovery.
Everyone—from the grad student at the bench to the chemist in pharma—should make double-checking these numbers a regular practice. Digital tools can help, but cross-checking with trusted databases or peers adds another layer of safety. Chemistry moves fast today, so building in habits of careful verification is worth more than any shortcut.
The industry should invest in shared, vetted digital resources that cut down on copy-paste errors. Regular training and a culture where accuracy beats speed go a long way in preventing costly or dangerous mistakes. Professionals who take the time to verify molecular information give their research and industry work a longer shelf life.
1H-Indole-1-propanol, 2,3-dihydro-, 1-benzoate, hydrochloride sounds complicated, but at the lab bench, it acts like a lot of other specialty chemicals. Things can get tricky, though, because there’s no quick Google on whether this one will act like pepper in your nose or something far worse. The Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) is more than paperwork here: it tells you about irritant risks, reactivity, and whether it’ll eat through your gloves or not. Every bottle and container deserves a good label—the kind you can read even with your goggles on and the clock ticking on an experiment.
Nobody enjoys allergy eyes after a clumsy splash. In most university labs I’ve worked, gloves and goggles are more useful than your most expensive pipette. For organics like this, nitrile gloves, splash-proof goggles, and a proper lab coat outmatch fashion any day. If the MSDS says you’ll need a fume hood because of vapor risk or reactivity, turn on the hood fan, don’t just wish for a breeze. Experienced techs check gloves for pinholes and fit—not just color.
One shelf for acids, another shelf for bases, and a separate cabinet for organics: this rule has saved many labs from scary messes. Most benzoate organics don’t last forever, and temperature swings speed up weird smells and formulas. Sealing containers tight stops both spills and waste. Reliable storage means learning from that one time you found two similar-looking powders next to each other that never should have met.
A good spill kit is more than an unopened box on a shelf. Chemical-resistant socks, pads, and a dustpan will do more than a paper towel ever could. For small powder spills, dampening the material keeps dust down and the cleanup honest. Waste bags with clear hazard labels move out of the lab, not to the regular trash. Used gloves, lab wipes, and any scrubbed pads join them. Nobody wants janitorial staff to accidentally touch it later on.
Any leftover or expired chemical like this doesn’t belong down a drain. University policies about hazardous waste underline that point naggingly, but with good reason. Collection containers sit in satellite accumulation areas and get picked up by trained people. I once saw an overfilled waste bottle—an avoidable headache if people watch the levels and signout logs honestly. Documentation that says you disposed of things right isn’t bureaucracy; it’s protection for you and everyone else.
A single misstep can become a big problem, so talking through disposal rules during safety meetings actually changes habits. Supervisors sharing their own near-miss stories teach you more than a printed policy sheet. The better the training, the less likely someone will cut corners. Group chats about new chemicals keep old hands sharp and new ones aware. Not every lab has the budget for deluxe engineering controls, but double-checking PPE, labels, and logs adds up to fewer emergencies and a better day’s work.
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